Attachment of fasteners



July 21, 1931.

C. T. MCCUE ATTACHMENT OF FASTENERS Filed Julyr 20. 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 July 21, 1931. c. T. MccuE ATTACHMENT OF FASTENERS med July zo, 192s 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 i@ `Thenat'ure"off he'nvention'may ac position of completing i as 'fsa

* f l l 1,815,792@

@www Mecca OrfDETRmfMCHmAN;.Assreros.To 'UNWERSAL' mascaras? f.

TENING centraron CQMYPANKY; ornnrnor, lammeren; A. ccarcna'rionoriyrrcir;

. man f y fifi application mei 'Jaiyfga machines are adapted toibentilizedjn an improved method.. oft increasing-.the .efficiency 'and lowering the. costsoffthel manufacturing. operations involved 4 providing. garments. andtlielilevvith securinglmeans;y A'

Y n he readily understood" by 'referencey to one. illustrative embodiment thereof shown :inthe accompanyyin?drawings. u nfsaiddrawingsp' 15 f Eigflis anenlarged l elevation o ffay machine showingfthe cooperating attachingdies;1` v n l" n y 1 nlivzgfElvis a similarfvieWI-of stillgreater en- I y. largement shoivingfthe attaching dies inthe .the attachment of a Vsnap fastener'elem'entf; ,4 Y

Fig: 4 3k is a sectionalf.I elevation `of; a typical attachingrivet; "if f @Fig-smi" and 5' are 'sectionahelevation and ,plan view-,vv respectively.; of j a ytypical' snap i rfastener soclietfelement-gand Y" "Fig: 6 is an elevationiillnstrating appa-V ratusnnit for attaching'stnd andV socket snap v fastenerelements according to thefimproved method-f' 1 Y T Y* The 'automatic attachment offtle elements of as'nap fastenerpresentsianniiiloerbffproloA lemsV not lenco'i'mteredxinY they attachment ofy other fastenin'gfmeans sii'cli asv buttons'. The( interlfitting stndland.. socket 'portions of the snap fastener elements must accuratelyand uniformly, made. to provide* the proper sepa-y ration resistance Without requiringjav special or socket partf-for'*evenislight and imperj-i' ,jcea'gtihleA fdistortion `fvvoiuld .g destr'f'oy'v theuunii rformity ofintert-lockingt and consequently of seperation4 resistance 'The thin: metallic strcctareffef: thesinterttingi.portions 'cfr the partial fronti sectional selection or ltesti of those. elements which will j A `a'r'rnennEnr. orjrAslTENElns 192s. n vserial No. eeacsi.

snap' fastener elements makes the `*prevention of distortion' a difficult prohlem,particularlygy inconnecticnwith rapid attachment byranto'ff maticmachines.4 y f kIn mycmp/'lendingi4 application Serial yNm 262,691' filed l arch 19,i 192.8, lhax'fedisclosedl one form ofy machine for. antomatically. at- A tachingthe stud elementsjof a snapfastenen 1n a mann-ente protect the stn'dr'flfcm anyl dis:` tortion during the attaching l operation.' Y In' n this application I have' disclosed the pertinent.

features off a similar machine for antornati-f-k cally Lattaching the socket elements ofasna fastener.: Since' the lgeneral4 strlicture' an n.; yoperating' mechanisms ofthe present ilfln'stgra@ tive machine form no part ofA the-presentiin .f vention, I havev illustrated' inl the drawings only thev details Which' characterize the presyl ent machine and Which embodythedistinguishing principlesof. the inventiony as ap-y plied to the attachment offsnap 'fastenersocli et elements; Suchidetailslmay hereadily embodied inthe type o fmachme shownin myfcopending application or in other types ofmachines. y' f y n vThe. invention also involves 'the cooperative use eff stud-attachingkand socket attaching machineslto carry ont-anovel andfefcient method of attachingy snap fasteners to f garment-s.,l According to the illustrative method kstud'attachingmachines and' socket attachingmachines arel employed in pairsiarranged relatively' closely so ltlliat' one operator seated frontof? the' apparatusiunit mayl operate ,y both machinesl" The? machines are .relatively arranged tol attach 'thev respective fastener ele'i ments onladjvacent faces'of portions of? aL gar# together( f` Thus garments f may be,` supplied 'Withfastening"means-in a singlehandling" 'inent'for thelikewhich overlap lwhenfastened l thereof and the attachment of Mthe fastening;-

elementsy may hev effected hy simple. handling movements and Without any aWlan-arda and time consuming the garment. 'Q

a l reversal of any porti'onjof likek re'ceSsIlOfcontracted atv itsmnthfllso Vthat'the opening thereinzwill he' yof. smaller' di.arresten-y thanthef diameter:- c thev intericr of the recess (see Figs. 2, 4,"and 5). :At separated points 12 around the recess the metal of the snap fastener element is slit so that the recess, particularly the lmouthV thereof, may yield and again contract, upon the insertion of the stud of a mating .snap fastener element. The socket element is in this instance provided with a laterally extending cloth engaging flange 13 which is adapted, in

cooperation with the head of the attaching rivet, tightly to gripl the intervening web of cloth. The bottom of the recess of the socket element is provided with an'attaching perforation 14 through which the extremity of the attaching rivet may'pass.

lTheV attaching rivet in this instance com- Yprisesia head 15 and a tubular shank 16 vof a diameter adapted toenter the opening l1.4 in the socket. The rivet head in this instance is formed of a shell 17 crimped about a collet 18 and enclosing a deformable disc 19. n l

Inthe attaching operation during' which the rivet and socket are firmly pressed together and against the cloth,'th e extreme end ofthe tubular rivet shank is expanded as at 2O Vinside the socketrecess (see Fig. 2), and the collet 18 is reduced in height by upsetting it andbending the disc 19 until the latter conforms Ato the curvature of the shell 17 (see Fig. 2)'. The ,flange 13 of the'socket is marginally. flattened at 21 to provide a cloth enand is operatively `associated-with the die by a lost motion connection provided by the screw pin 28 travelingl in a slot or elongated recess 29. The bottom of slot 29 limits the upward movementof die 24 relative to holder 27.l The downward movement -of holder f 27..,is checked at the proper point (see Fig. 1)`

`by the engagement'of the upper yend of slot '30a in bar 30 with the screw 31 carriedby the Ydie housing 32. Upward movementof holder 27 starts when the end of the die has partly receded into the holder, and'is checked when the holder engages the lower end of housing Y 32 or the screw 31 engages the lower end of the holder. 6o

slot 30a. f In this position ,the die has receded far enough so that ya rivet-may kbe placed in V yThe lower die 25 comprises a movable upv setting element 33surrounded by a relatively movable sleeve .34 having a'lost motionconnection .with the die` 25. This lost motion connection in this'case is effected by opposite f slots'35 inthe sleeve34` in which Voperates a pin 36 carried by the die 25. The relative position of pin Vand slots is such that in the lower i vpropriately raised and lowered by aV lever 39 whose end operatively engages arecess 40 in the lower portion of the die 25.` Y

When a Vrivet-has been placed in the holder 27 anda socket seated upon the die 25Y and its sleeve 34 (in the position shown in Fig. l), the dies may then be brought together against an intervening web of cloth, into the Vposition shown in Fig. 2. During this operation the extremity of the tubular rivet shank punches or perforates Vthe cloth vand thereupon is vengaged by the upper end of upsetting tool 33 which upsets the rivet inside the socket recess as shown, for example, in Fig. 2. In the latter position the lost motionbetween' die 25 and its sleeve has permitted the latter to fall back until their relative positions are as indicated in Fig.V 2, whereupon the engagement Vof pin 36 with the `upper end of slots 35 carries the sleeve upward without further relative movement. When projecting beyond the sleeve 27 as indicated in Fig. 2, the upsetting tool 33 andtheuppersurface of sleeve 34conform substantially to the inalcontour-of the socket element. The diameter of tool 33 is designed to be approximately that. ofthe socket mouth 11 and the upper surface 41 of sleeve 34 conformssubstantially to the contour of tne socket flange 13. ,-Thus,` during the coaction of the upper and lower attaching `dies theV sleeve 34 and tool 33 cooperate to prevent the 'drical sides of the tool 33 prevent any contractionlin this critical diameter, and the converging surface of the face 41 of sleeve 34 prevents any expansion or enlargement in this diameter.

AThe upper and lower dies may be operated and co-ordinated in their movements'by any appropriate mechanisnnjbut since theY details of such mechanism form no part of the present invention, they have not been illustrated nor described. In my co-pending application is illustratedone type'of operating mechanism suitable for use in thepresent machine. Rivets and socket elementsmay besupplied to the attaching dies in any appropriatemanner. I` have indicated in Figl a rivet raceway 42 whose dischargel extremity 43 is controlled by a pivoted finger 44 which Vis'pressed downwardly by'spring45 to prevent escape of rivets fromthe raceway'. From the discharge -end of the raceway the rivets may be moved one at a timeby an oscillating` arm 46 t mail-6:7192' from? discharge ywpos'iitrion to the f'holder 27.

Y Since the v:details offthisr'anechanismffomn no part of the present invention EL.hzwefi'llustrated?L them only generally, sand referl ito- ,any ,-cof It Will be Yobserved that the machines illustratedin'the present and co-pending applica-` A tions attach theV respective yfastener elements in facing positions, i. e., on adjacent faces of 'portions of the cloth intended to overlap. Specifically the present machine attaches the sockets ony the. under side of the interposedv Web o-f material and that shown in my copending applicationattaches sockets on the upper side of the interposed Web of material.

Pairs of these respective machines 'may bey organized into apparatus units for usein practicing my improved method. An illustrative unit is shown in Figt, in Which a stud f attaching machine 49l is they left hand member ofthe unit and a socket attaching machine 50,

spaced a short distance therefrom, the right hand member. The machines are provided with adjacent control means in the. form of foot pedals '51 and 52 positioned tovbe'actuated by a single operator stationed infront ofthe unit in position to pass-'articles conj veniently through both machines.

Units of this character :may be utilized, therefore, to provide garments orthe like with fastening `means in a single handling of the garment and by a single operator With a. minimum of movement@ 7 For example, in attaching snap fastenersy tov Workmens vcoats the operator may attach a line of studelements by the machine at ythe left hand, and Without turning over the garment may attach a line ofsocket elements along ythe other edge i of thefgarment by means of the other machine. "The vcoatsandother vgarments are usually supplied to the-operator in piles of fastener elements assume approximately uniformly Vthe normal relation to each other, i. e.,f

the relation they have inthe use of the, garment,-so that the operator may follow the 'same' movements with each garment' in 'atmorev orless regularly arranged garments iny whichl the portions thereof tok receive the' :thereofto i-place 4it in propenpositiontorei i v ceive f-both. Isets of fastener elements. This contributestorthe eciencyyofthe operation. Theiattachment of the fgarxnent fastening me ans by fa Ysingle handling of the garment-in Whatis practically Va single factory opera- .tion onfthegarment, :effects a sub stantialsavfing in manufactu-ring costs-not only by minimizing movements -in the operation-itself but ythrough the elimination of 'entirely :separate operations and fthe ',fadditional hand-ling of .the garment yWhioh :would be necessitated V y thereby. This .is apparent, for eXample,- fby comparison with the manufacture offjgar- .so

ments. having button and button lhole fasten- 111g ymeans. The 'attachment of the buttons involves yentirely Lseparate operations, performed fby .different yoperators on :different Ymachines',fromthose for forming 'the -button `holes. Such operations involve knot -only a plurality of separate-'and distinct handlings of .each garmentffbut require a certaink amount Y of' re-arrangement between lsucceslsive operations. i

vObviously Y the invention fthe details of lche illustrative construction, since these :maybe-'variously modified. Moreover it is :not indispensable that all /features of the invention ibe used-,conj ointly since iva- ,-rious features may be used y,in-dierentlnom- Ebinations `and sub-combinations.

Having described yone embodiment invention, I.fclai;m,: t t

fl. In a machine for;r attachingy snap `fastelzier socket elements the combination Acomprising a lower ldie Khaving fa neutral-upsetting l:tool gandfa-s'leeve'surrounding-said tool and-amovfable relative fthereto, said tool being kfof-,afdi- -ameter 4substantially equal to fthe internal :diameter ofthefmouth ofthe-socket element, ,sa-id sleeve having :its ,upper --end V,shaped tto conform tozthe -faceof-a socket element,means :ffory Alimiting the relative movement of ,said .tool .and sleeve so -that fdurin g the zupsetting yoperation the tool projects fbeyondfgthe .sleeve W a distance :corresponding with the `-depthf ofy fthe socket and 1 cooperates With jthe sleeve -to Infima is not limited to hold thesocket elementi-against distortion during-the attaching operation, aholder `for socket elements lthe r.combination y comprising *l alloWer die having a central upsettingV tool and a sleeve surrounding saidtool' and movameter substantially equal to I the ,internalv k:di- "ameter of the mouth of the socket element, f'said sleeve 'having its-upper vend shaped^to conform to the face of -a'socket element, means ,tool Landi sleevesofthat. during the .upsetting yablefrelati've thereto, said toolbeingof afdifor 'limiting :the rrelative*movementV of Lsaid ai distance corresponding'y to theidepth ofthe aforesaid for upsetting the rivet inside of the socket and cooperates with the sleeve to hold socket part tok attach the latter Yto an intertin the socket element against distortion during the attaching operation, a holder for carrying vsaid tool andsleeve, and means for permitting Ysaid tool tomove downwardly relative to said sleeve so as to bring lits upper end substantially to the level-.of the upper end of the sleeve for receiving asocket element to be attached.` `Y Y f v In a machine vfor attaching snapV fastener socket elements the combination comprising a 'lower die havingL a central upsetting tool and a'sleeve surrounding said tool and movable posed In `name to this specifi 'relative thereto, said tool being of a diameter substantially equal to the internalk diameter of Vthe mouth of the socket4 element, said sleeve having itsupp-er end shapedto conform to theface of al socket element, means including a pin andslotconnectionbetweensaid'tool and sleeve to permit alimited relative movement therebetween and to limit the upward movement ofsaid tool relative to said sleeve so that when a socket element is seated on said sleeve the tool will project into the socket a distance corresponding to the depth of the socket, and means Vfor raising and lowering said tool in the attaching operation.

` '-4. A machine.v for attaching'snap fastener y lelements having in"combfination, a sleeve formed with a central opening therein and adaptedt'osupport a fastener part having an opening, a tool slidably mounted within the opening in the sleeve and having a portion engageable with the central portions of said Vfastener part to secure the latter to a piece of material, means for actuating said sleeve to move the fastener part into engagement with the material, and means for effecting prior actuation of the tool,'the engaging. surfaces f of saidtool' and sleeve corresponding tothe contourl of the fastener part and being maintained in'rig'idengagement therewith during i the attaching operation so las to prevent distortionof said part.

5. In a machine for attaching snap fastener f socketelements, thecombination with a die i Y Y assembly comprising a reciprocable member Y v and `meansfor holding a rivet yin operative f* '5 relation with the member, of cooperating die section havingan upsettingtool adapted to pro]ect into an opening within a socket part, a sleeve surrounding said tool and mov- Y.

ablerelative thereto,;the upper end portions of said sleeve and tool forming a continuous surface .in one relative position thereof'for y supporting afastener part, means for moving d thetool relative'to the sleeve to extend the same within the fastener parts, means oper- Y able subsequent to the operation of the means for moving the tool for moving the sleeve into 'engagement-with the'ba'seportion lof the fasfor Iactuating the lcooperating l"die member ,Y :tener part to support the same, andfmeans en:

cation.

CHARLES rf MGCUE.-

. j as@ 

